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Shaded Golden Persian, Nugget, at play
Author: mythicbells
Keywords: cats kittens persians
Added: September 6, 2008
The Shalimar Gardens (Urdu: شالیمار باغ), sometimes written Shalamar Gardens, is a Persian garden and it was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in Lahore, modern day Pakistan. Construction began in 1641 A.D. (1051 A.H.) and was completed the following year. The project management was carried out under the superintendence of Khalilullah Khan, a noble of Shah Jahan's court, in cooperation with Ali Mardan Khan and Mulla Alaul Maulk Tuni.General infoThe Shalamar Gardens are laid out in the form of an oblong parallelogram, surrounded by a high brick wall, which is famous for its intricate fretwork. The gardens measure 658 meters north to south and 258 meters east to west. In 1981, Shalimar Gardens was included as a UNESCO World Heritage Site along with the Lahore Fort, under the UNESCO Convention concerning the protection of the world's cultural and natural heritage sites in 1972.The three level terraces of the GardensThe Gardens have been laid out from south to north in three descending terraces, which are elevated by 4-5 metres (13-15 feet) above one another. The three terraces have names in Urdu as follows:* The upper terrace named Farah Baksh meaning Bestower of Pleasure.* The middle terrace named Faiz Baksh meaning Bestower of Goodness.* The lower terrace named Hayat Baksh meaning Bestower of life.Shah Nahar : Irrigation of the GardensTo irrigate the Gardens, a canal named Shah Nahar meaning Royal canal, later also known as Hansti canal, meaning Laughing canal was brought from Rajpot (present day Madhpur in India), a distance of over 161 kilometers. The canal intersected the Gardens and discharged into a large marble basin in the middle terrace.410 fountainsFrom this basin, and from the canal, rise 410 fountains, which discharge into wide marble pools. The surrounding area is rendered cooler by the flowing of the fountains, which is a particular relief for visitors during Lahore's blistering summers, with temperature sometimes exceeding 120 degrees fahrenheit. It is a credit to the ingenuity of the Mughal engineers that even today scientists are unable to fathom how the fountains were operated originally. The distribution of the fountains is as follows:* The upper level terrace has 105 fountains.* The middle level terrace has 152 fountains.* The lower level terrace has 153 fountains.* All combined, the Gardens therefore have 410 fountains.Water cascadesThe Gardens have 5 water cascades including the great marble cascade and Sawan Bhadoon.Buildings of the GardensThe buildings of the Gardens include:* Sawan Bhadum pavilions* Naqar Khana and its buildings* Khwabgah or Sleeping chambers* Hammam or Royal bath* The Aiwan or Grand hall* Aramgah or Resting place* Khawabgah of Begum Sahib or Dream place of the emperor's wife* Baradaries or summer pavilions to enjoy the coolness created by the Gardens' fountains* Diwan-e-Khas-o-Aam or Hall of special & ordinary audience with the emperor* Two gateways and minarets in the corners of the GardensTrees of the GardensSome of the varieties of trees that were planted included:* Almond* Apple* Apricot* Cherry* Gokcha* Mango* Mulberry* Peach* Plum* Poplar* Quince Seedless* Sapling of Cypress* Shrubs* Sour & sweet oranges* Numerous other varieties of odoriferous (fragrant) and non odoriferous and fruit giving plantsSite historyThe Shalimar Gardens in LahoreThe site of the Shalimar Gardens originally belonged to one of the noble Zaildar families in the region, well known as Mian Family Baghbanpura. The family was also given the Royal title of 'Mian' by the Mughal Emperor, for its services to the Empire. Mian Muhammad Yusuf, then the head of the Mian family, donated the site of Ishaq Pura to the Emperor Shah Jahan, after pressure was placed on the family by the royal engineers who wished to build on the site due to its good position and soil. In return, Shah Jahan granted the Mian family governance of the Shalimar Gardens. The Shalimar Gardens remained under the custodianship of this family for more than 350 years.In 1962, the Shalimar Gardens were nationalised by General Ayub Khan because leading Mian family members had opposed his imposition of martial law in Pakistan.The Mela Chiraghan festival used to take place in the Gardens, until President Ayub Khan ordered against it in 1958.Location of the GardensThe Shalimar Gardens are located near Baghbanpura along the Grand Trunk Road some 5 kilometers northeast of the main Lahore city.Text reference from Wikipedia and Photography by Munawar Ahmed - Lahore PakistanCell #: +92 (0) 300 4 16 64 59Email : munawarahmed7@gmail.com
Author: MunawarAhmed7
Keywords: Shalamar Garden September 2008 Lahore Pakistan
Added: September 6, 2008
Iran.TV interview with Abjeez prior to the concert on the Toronto Opera House. This event was organized by Artbeat Group: www.artbeatgroup.com
Author: Abjeez
Keywords: alternative indie pop rock world music sisters Iran Persian Swedish Toronto Opera House Abjeez Safoura Melody Safavi
Added: September 6, 2008
stupid school assignment
Author: orpw12
Keywords: owen gavin booter ranger
Added: September 6, 2008
stupid school assignment
Author: orpw12
Keywords: owen gavin booter ranger
Added: September 6, 2008
stupid school assignment
Author: orpw12
Keywords: owen gavin booter ranger
Added: September 6, 2008
stupid school assignment
Author: orpw12
Keywords: owen gavin booter ranger
Added: September 6, 2008
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From being a simple flat bread eaten by Persians, Romans, and Greeks, the pizza has evolved during its long journey to every corner of the world.
http://digg.com/food_drink/Pizza_Recipes_6
PersianDaily.ir :: تابستان 88 ، راهاندازی نخستین نیروگاه اتمی ایران
http://digg.com/world_news/88_z
PersianDaily.ir :: ویژه نامه مقام معظم رهبری و قرآن منتشر
http://digg.com/world_news/z_z_15
A quick turn around from a construction site that hurts your eyes on Friday, to a flagship boutique for Marcus Wainwright and David Neville’s acclaimed Rag & Bone.Antique furnishings and salvaged wood dominate, and the dressing rooms are laid with antique Persian rugs. The duo see the shop as an R&D lab where they can try out new products..
http://digg.com/travel_places/Rag_Bone_Welcome_to_the_West_Village
The recognition of South Ossetia's and Abkhazia's independence by Russia is a timely step to protect these republics from new Georgian aggression. However, taking into account the United States' plans to expedite Georgia's and Ukraine's accession to the NATO military-political bloc, the situation near the Russian border remains alarming.
http://digg.com/world_news/Iranian_Trump_Card_Russia_Can_Take_Control_of_Persian_Gulf
Abu Dhabi (in Arabic, this name, literally translated, means father of gazelle) is the capital and after Dubai, most populous city of the United Arab Emirates. Besides serving as national capital, Abu Dhabi is also the seat of the emirate of Abu Dhabi. The city is located on an island in the Persian Gulf, just off of the coast of the Arabian penins
http://digg.com/travel_places/Abu_Dhabi_Home_to_The_Most_Luxurious_Hotels
TEHRAN (FNA)- Tehran's bourse, the best-performing market in the Persian Gulf, has provided a fruitful and luring ground for foreign investors as it needs significant share purchases by foreign capital holders in order to prosper in the longer term.
http://digg.com/business_finance/Tehran_Stock_Market_Best_Performing_Bourse_In_The_Gulf
Anyone seriously interested in a career in Middle East intelligence gathering / foreign affairs but not a big fan of trying to learn a Semitic language like Arabic should take a look at Persian / Farsi, which aside from the script is surprisingly simple to learn. Persian verbs are easy to conjugate, nouns have no grammatical gender, etc.
http://digg.com/educational/Why_Persian_Farsi_is_easier_to_learn_than_you_might_think
The most important news for the month of August was the fact that President Bush has quietly sent the largest armada into the Persian Gulf since the Iraq war began in 2003, when there were six carrier groups. This is a huge number of ships to be concentrated in one location in peacetime. This story has been completely ignored by the news media....
http://digg.com/world_news/Media_Blackout_The_Armada_in_the_Gulf_2
PersianDaily.Ir | یکشنبه بد دولت فرا می رسد
http://digg.com/politics/PersianDaily_Ir_2