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National Anthem of the Russian Federation in Belgrade 2008.It is an adaptation of the anthem of the Soviet Union of 1944, with music originally composed by Alexander Alexandrov. The lyrics were revised for the anthem of the Russian Federation by Sergey Mikhalkov.The hymn was adopted in late 2000 by President Putin and replaced The Patriotic Song, which had been the official anthem from 1990.
Author: EHOODISEJA
Keywords: classical world music russia national anthem hymn SSSR Soviet Государственный гимн Российской Федерации
Added: September 6, 2008
The Shalimar Gardens (Urdu: شالیمار باغ), sometimes written Shalamar Gardens, is a Persian garden and it was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in Lahore, modern day Pakistan. Construction began in 1641 A.D. (1051 A.H.) and was completed the following year. The project management was carried out under the superintendence of Khalilullah Khan, a noble of Shah Jahan's court, in cooperation with Ali Mardan Khan and Mulla Alaul Maulk Tuni.General infoThe Shalamar Gardens are laid out in the form of an oblong parallelogram, surrounded by a high brick wall, which is famous for its intricate fretwork. The gardens measure 658 meters north to south and 258 meters east to west. In 1981, Shalimar Gardens was included as a UNESCO World Heritage Site along with the Lahore Fort, under the UNESCO Convention concerning the protection of the world's cultural and natural heritage sites in 1972.The three level terraces of the GardensThe Gardens have been laid out from south to north in three descending terraces, which are elevated by 4-5 metres (13-15 feet) above one another. The three terraces have names in Urdu as follows:* The upper terrace named Farah Baksh meaning Bestower of Pleasure.* The middle terrace named Faiz Baksh meaning Bestower of Goodness.* The lower terrace named Hayat Baksh meaning Bestower of life.Shah Nahar : Irrigation of the GardensTo irrigate the Gardens, a canal named Shah Nahar meaning Royal canal, later also known as Hansti canal, meaning Laughing canal was brought from Rajpot (present day Madhpur in India), a distance of over 161 kilometers. The canal intersected the Gardens and discharged into a large marble basin in the middle terrace.410 fountainsFrom this basin, and from the canal, rise 410 fountains, which discharge into wide marble pools. The surrounding area is rendered cooler by the flowing of the fountains, which is a particular relief for visitors during Lahore's blistering summers, with temperature sometimes exceeding 120 degrees fahrenheit. It is a credit to the ingenuity of the Mughal engineers that even today scientists are unable to fathom how the fountains were operated originally. The distribution of the fountains is as follows:* The upper level terrace has 105 fountains.* The middle level terrace has 152 fountains.* The lower level terrace has 153 fountains.* All combined, the Gardens therefore have 410 fountains.Water cascadesThe Gardens have 5 water cascades including the great marble cascade and Sawan Bhadoon.Buildings of the GardensThe buildings of the Gardens include:* Sawan Bhadum pavilions* Naqar Khana and its buildings* Khwabgah or Sleeping chambers* Hammam or Royal bath* The Aiwan or Grand hall* Aramgah or Resting place* Khawabgah of Begum Sahib or Dream place of the emperor's wife* Baradaries or summer pavilions to enjoy the coolness created by the Gardens' fountains* Diwan-e-Khas-o-Aam or Hall of special & ordinary audience with the emperor* Two gateways and minarets in the corners of the GardensTrees of the GardensSome of the varieties of trees that were planted included:* Almond* Apple* Apricot* Cherry* Gokcha* Mango* Mulberry* Peach* Plum* Poplar* Quince Seedless* Sapling of Cypress* Shrubs* Sour & sweet oranges* Numerous other varieties of odoriferous (fragrant) and non odoriferous and fruit giving plantsSite historyThe Shalimar Gardens in LahoreThe site of the Shalimar Gardens originally belonged to one of the noble Zaildar families in the region, well known as Mian Family Baghbanpura. The family was also given the Royal title of 'Mian' by the Mughal Emperor, for its services to the Empire. Mian Muhammad Yusuf, then the head of the Mian family, donated the site of Ishaq Pura to the Emperor Shah Jahan, after pressure was placed on the family by the royal engineers who wished to build on the site due to its good position and soil. In return, Shah Jahan granted the Mian family governance of the Shalimar Gardens. The Shalimar Gardens remained under the custodianship of this family for more than 350 years.In 1962, the Shalimar Gardens were nationalised by General Ayub Khan because leading Mian family members had opposed his imposition of martial law in Pakistan.The Mela Chiraghan festival used to take place in the Gardens, until President Ayub Khan ordered against it in 1958.Location of the GardensThe Shalimar Gardens are located near Baghbanpura along the Grand Trunk Road some 5 kilometers northeast of the main Lahore city.Text reference from Wikipedia and Photography by Munawar Ahmed - Lahore PakistanCell #: +92 (0) 300 4 16 64 59Email : munawarahmed7@gmail.com
Author: MunawarAhmed7
Keywords: Shalamar Garden September 2008 Lahore Pakistan
Added: September 6, 2008
WHAT... THE... HELLL!!! Sorry for the bad quality but this must be seen!!
Author: Okuabasi
Keywords: Okuabasi Junior Michael Oku OJMO leader hero party america 08 love jesus grassroots outreach news political commercial commentary analysis
Added: September 6, 2008
Neither McCain nor Obama should be president. Research them both and you'll see why.
Author: Homer177
Keywords: yokeup homer177 john mccain mcbush republican nader ralph independent atheist christian
Added: September 6, 2008
Neither McCain nor Obama should be president. Research them both and you'll see why.
Author: Homer177
Keywords: yokeup homer177 john mccain mcbush republican nader ralph independent atheist christian
Added: September 6, 2008
Neither McCain nor Obama should be president. Research them both and you'll see why.
Author: Homer177
Keywords: yokeup homer177 john mccain mcbush republican nader ralph independent atheist christian
Added: September 6, 2008
Neither McCain nor Obama should be president. Research them both and you'll see why.
Author: Homer177
Keywords: yokeup homer177 john mccain mcbush republican nader ralph independent atheist christian
Added: September 6, 2008
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President Ma Ying-jeou yesterday continued to defend his "633" economic goals, saying the "checks have not bounced" and he has not given up on them.
http://digg.com/world_news/Ma_again_denies_breaking_633_promise_The_China_Post
The Democratic Progressive Party's (DPP) anti-corruption committee will seek to interview former president Chen Shui-bian this week over his alleged involvement in money laundering, a DPP official said yesterday.
http://digg.com/world_news/DPP_to_question_Chen_over_scam_The_China_Post
If you were placing a bet today, would you bet that Barack Obama will be elected president? Or, John McCain will be elected president? John McCain 49% Barack Obama 44%
http://digg.com/politics/Survey_USA_National_Poll_McCain_49_Obama_44
The president shouldn't trust his legacy to Condi Rice.
http://digg.com/politics/Bush_Owes_His_Successor_A_Tough_Finish_on_Foreign_Policy
Louder Barack for prez!!!!!!!
http://digg.com/politics/Louder_Barack_for_President_2
Barack Obama is making history as the first African-American nominated by a major party for the presidency. He also could take Indiana back 100 years if he can make it a two-party state in presidential elections.
http://digg.com/political_opinion/Obama_factor_hits_Indiana
The country we live in is not the country we grew up in. The U.S. has turned into a hated, mistrusted and declining place. If you wouldn't want an average doctor to transplant your heart, why would you want an "average hockey mom" to be the one who steps up if the president can't?
http://digg.com/2008_us_elections/Saddened_by_the_state_of_a_great_country
Jim's the man for us!
http://digg.com/odd_stuff/Louder_Barack_for_President
At present, American liberals are not fighting for an Obama presidency. I suspect that most have only the haziest idea of what it would mean for their country.
http://digg.com/political_opinion/When_Barack_s_berserkers_lost_the_plot
I do not represent the rest of the world, in its entirety. But I do speak for many people like me who actually care what you as Americans do with your Presidential election. People who are actually affected by YOUR choice of President. Whether you choose to acknowledge it or not, what you do affects the rest of us in many ways.
http://digg.com/2008_us_elections/Message_to_Americans_from_a_citizen_of_the_rest_of_the_world